Pavement



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. J. GADWELL.

PAVEMENT.

No. 398,940. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(N0 Model L. J. GADWELL.

PAVEMENT.

No. 398,940. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

lili! 1 Eiilll.

HHHH HHHMHZ UNITED STATES ATENT rrtcn.

LYDIA .l. (ilADiYELL, OF CIIICA Bl-O, ILLIXOIS, ASSIGN OR TO Tllh METALBLOCK PAYEMEXT COMPANY, OF ILLINOIS.

PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 898,940, dated March 5,1889, Application filed July 9, 1888. h 'erial No. 279,354. (Nospecimens.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, LYDIA J. CADWELL, of Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful 5Improvements in Pavements; and I do here by declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference bcin g had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, which to form a part of this specification.

The invention herein set forth is intended as an improvement inpavements of that class which are composed of T-shaped blocks placedalternately in inverse positions, so as to over- 15 lap each other inthe finished pavement for the more extended distribution over the bed ofthe weight to which the pavement is subjected, an example of suchpavement being set forth in a prior application for patent filed byme-to wit, Serial No. 260,607. In said prior application the blockscomposing the pavement are of the same general shapeherej in shown; butthe meeting end faces of the longer and shorter parts are substantially5 vertical, or so inclined as to permit any one of the blocks to belifted out of its place in the pavement. In the present improvement lthe blocks are constructed to interlock against vertical displacement.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for an illustration of myinvention, Figure l is a top view of apavement composed of my improvedblock, in which the blocks are laid end to end and with their edgesinline. Fig. '2 is a top view of thepavement, in which each end of eachblock partially overlaps two neighboring blocks and covers the seambetween the latter. Fig. 3 is a side view of one. of the blocks detachedfrom the pavement. Fig. i. is a. side view of a series of blocks intheir relative position in the pavement, and showing in what manneri'he5 interlock against vertical displacement. Fig. 5 is a transversevertical section of the block in the 5 line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is atransverse vertical section in the line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 3 is aperspective of a fragment of a block, showing more clearly the form ofthe ribs f shown in Figs. l. and i. Fig. 8 is a vertical lon- 5ogitudinal section of a block having internal l grooves opposite theexternal ribs. i

thereto, as shown. 7 3

A represents a single block of broad T shape, having two parallel longand short faces, a. 0., the latter being central]; opposite the former.Both end surfaces of the block are similar and are composed severally ofthe three intersecting surfaces a a at, of which. a and a aresubstantially parallel to each other and inclined to the planes of thetop and bottom surfaces, a o so as to present the salient angle orprojection at a and the reei'itering angle or recess at at. These anglesare at substantially equal distances from the planes of the surfaces aa, so that the pro jection a of one block enters the ire-entering angleor recess a of an adjacent block when placed together in the proposedorder, as shown in Fig. 4.. Thus constructed and joined it is manifestthat the blocks cannot be separately lifted out of place, and that thepavement, as a whole, is better calculated to preserve an even surface.The intermediate end surface, n m ay be either parallel with the top andbottom faces, a d, or acutely mclmed In land 2 of the drawings theblocks are shown arranged with their greater length running with thestreet and the blocks as having their foot-l1old ribs and intermediategrooves transverse. \Vhile ribs and grooves of any description andarrangement may be employed,l have shown as a particular improvement anarrangement seen in Fig. '7. Here the ribs (L7 stop short of one edge ofthe block and the spaces between said ribs are closed at one point by atraversing or lengthwise rib, a. This gives holds for the shoe-callcs ofhorses in both directions of travel, and in the case of cast or moldedblocks permits the blocks or the pattern from which the blocks are castto be drawn sidewise from the mold.

In Fig. 9 the interior surfaces of the ribbed walls are corrugated bygrooves ofopposite the ribs, which construction lightens the block andat the same time strengthens it. The grooves are indicated by dottedlines in Figs. 1 and 2, where is also shown a practical distribution ofvertical struts a which support the upper from the lower-surface of theblock when the latter is in use.

The walls a and a. of the block maybe per- IOO forated,if desired, asshown at the lower right hand in Fig. 2.

It is contemplated that the blocks A will be made hollow, as shown, andfilled with sand and asphalt, or some other suitable material, toprevent resonance and add strength, as set forth in my saidpriorapplication. The walls of the blocks may, I have found, be maderelatively thin by supplying struts at short intervals, as shown, andparticularly by adding a compact filling in reentorcement of suchstruts.

I claim as my invention 1. A pavement composed of substantially T-shapedblocks having their contiguous end faces overlapped and also interlockedagainst vertical displacement when laid, substantially as described.

2. A pavement composed oi ovm-lzmping blocks severally provided with along face on one side, a short centrally-opposite parallel face on theopposite side, and end faces provided with mutually-engaging projectionsand recesses, substantially described, and for the purposes set forth. 1A paw'ement composed of overlapping blocks severally provided on theiropposite parallel faces with transverse ribs terminating at one endshort of the edge of the block and having a longitudinal rib whichintersects the transverse ribs, substantially as described. In testimonythat I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

LYDI A J. CADVELL. \Vitnesses:

M. E. DAYTON, C. CLARENCE POOLE.

